Pinealon (CAS 175175-23-2), also known as EDR peptide, is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator with the molecular formula C15H26N6O8 and a molecular weight of 418.41 g/mol. Defined by the amino acid sequence Glu-Asp-Arg, Pinealon belongs to the class of ultra-short peptide bioregulators developed at the Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. Its low molecular weight and amphiphilic character, combining hydrophilic acidic residues with a basic arginine residue, are considered relevant to its capacity to cross cellular membranes. Produced via solid-phase peptide synthesis.

Pinealon has been shown capable of penetrating cell membranes and the nuclear envelope. In vitro studies using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled peptide preparations characterised nuclear accumulation of Pinealon in HeLa cell cytoplasm, nucleus, and nucleolus, and showed sequence-specific interactions between the Glu-Asp-Arg tripeptide and deoxyribooligonucleotides and genomic DNA within the nuclear compartment, establishing nuclear penetration and DNA sequence recognition as primary in vitro properties of the EDR tripeptide [1]. In vivo rodent studies have investigated the compound in experimental models of prenatal and postnatal neurodevelopment, with research documenting that Pinealon administration in a prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia model documented changes in offspring spatial orientation and learning assessment scores assessed by Morris water maze, and reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation and necrotic cell count in cerebellum neurons isolated from offspring, characterising Pinealon as a neuroprotective agent against prenatal metabolic-stress-induced impairment of postnatal neurological and cognitive parameters [2], making Pinealon a reference compound in peptide bioregulator research examining nuclear-penetrating ultra-short tripeptides in the context of CNS gene expression and prenatal neuroprotection models.

Pinealon is manufactured in a cGMP compliant laboratory to a guaranteed purity of 98% or above. Every batch is independently tested using HPLC and MS-UPLC analysis before dispatch. Vials are vacuum sealed and stored in a temperature controlled, monitored cold storage system. Certificates of Analysis are available on request.

Sold strictly for in vitro research purposes only. Not for human consumption. Intended for use by qualified researchers in laboratory settings only.

Editorial Team

Dr. Martina Rossi, PhD

Scientific Contributor and Reviewer

Reviewed and approved 14 June 2026

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